Instead of ending urea price control and the fertiliser subsidy—replacing it with DBT for farmers—the govt continues to choose zero-impact administrative measures The government must recognise this flaw in the existing policy, decontrol urea and introduce DBT. In a bid to tackle diversion, hoarding and blackmarketing of urea (a widely used fertiliser that constitutes nearly half of India’s total fertiliser consumption), the Union government has decided to restrict its purchase to 100 bags from 999 bags per transaction by one purchaser. In a letter dated August 27, addressed to state chief secretaries, the secretary, ministry of chemicals and fertilisers, Chhabilendra Roul, has sought their opinions on ‘how many such transactions should be allowed per month to each purchaser’. He has...
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Category: Fertilizers
Urea black marketing – how not to curb
In a bid to tackle diversion, hoarding and black marketing of urea (a widely used fertilizer that constitutes nearly half of India’s total fertilizer consumption), the Union government has decided to restrict its purchase to 100 bags from 999 bags per transaction by one purchaser. In a letter dated August 27, 2020, addressed to state chief secretaries, the ministry of chemicals and fertilizers, Chhabilendra Roul has sought their opinions on ‘how many such transactions should be allowed per month to each purchaser’. He has also asked states ‘to identify top 20 urea purchasers in each of their respective districts’. States have also been asked to collect details from buyers which include quantity of urea purchased, dates of purchase, point of sale such as retailers, agricultural land owned...
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Hoping for a coronavirus-induced fertilizer reforms
Even as Prime Minister Narendra Modi has declared his intent to use Covid–19 as an opportunity to implement big bang reforms, the government is silent on fertilizers – a sector that has been crying for reforms for far too long. To put things in perspective, let us take a look at some basic facts on existing policies. Prior to the 1990s, both urea –main source of nitrogen (N)–and phosphate (P) and potash (K) fertilizers such as di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and a whole range of complex fertilizers containing N, P&K in different proportion etc, fell under pricing and distribution controls. The maximum retail price (MRP) of each fertilizer was controlled at a low level and excess of cost of production and...
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Fertilizer reforms – Corona connection
Amidst all the bad news on the economic front under a prolonged lockdown, the meteorological department has come out with some good news for fertilizers – the most crucial agricultural input that help in increasing crop yield. The department has predicted normal monsoon with the country as a whole receiving 100 per cent of the long period average (LPA) of 88 centimetre rainfall. This together with substantial increase in cash in the hands of farmers [record procurement of wheat by government agencies viz. Food Corporation of India et al at the minimum support price (MSP) alone has given them about Rs 40,000 crore; direct income support of Rs 2000/- each to about 9 crore farmers under PM KISAN yielding Rs 18,000 crore...
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Amidst Corona worries – golden chance to reform
In the early stage of the Covid – 19 crisis and much before it had assumed monstrous dimensions, the international crude oil market was already oversupplied. Then, OPEC [Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries] – a cartel of oil suppliers in the middle-east led by Saudi Arabia the lead exporter – and non-OPEC suppliers led by Russia sat together to hammer out an agreement to cut production with a view to bring about a semblance of demand-supply balance. But, the agreement eluded them as Russia refused to back even a moderate cut [it would have only served to help US shale-oil companies to run at full capacity – which it didn’t want]. In sync with the past happenings whenever OPEC didn’t...
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End the chemical epidemic
The P and K nutrients supplied by non-urea fertilisers are as vital as N supplied by urea. Yet, India is facing an increasing imbalance in the NPK use ratio For decades, farmers in India have been resorting to indiscriminate and excessive use of chemical fertilisers such as nitrogen (N), phosphate (P) and potash (K) besides a host of secondary and micro-nutrients. This is leading to deterioration in soil health, an adverse impact on the environment and imperiling public health. The mother soil is the repository of these nutrients and the precise quantum in any given location depends on their stock to begin with, i.e. when farmers started cultivating the land (say 100 years ago or even earlier), addition from application...
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Curbing excess urea use – remove policy shackles
For decades, farmers in India have been resorting to indiscriminate and excessive use of chemical fertilizers [source of plant nutrients such as nitrogen ‘N’, phosphate ‘P’, potash ‘K’ besides a host of secondary and micro-nutrients; which put simply, are food for crops in as much the same way as cereals, fruits, vegetables are essential for human beings] leading to deterioration in soil health, adverse impact on the environment and imperiling public health. The mother soil is the repository of these nutrients [or ‘food for crops’], the precise quantum in any given location depends on a multitude of factors such as their stock to begin with when farmers started cultivating the land [say 100 years ago or even earlier], addition from...
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Why half-baked fertilizer reforms won’t deliver
If the government wants to restrict subsidised supply only to small and marginal farmers having landholding size <2 hectares, this will require two streams of supplies in the distribution channels viz. The Union government controls the maximum retail price (MRP) of urea at a low level, unrelated to the cost of production and distribution, which is much higher. —————————————————————————————————— Reportedly, the government is likely to fix nutrient-based subsidy (NBS) rate for urea before rolling out the direct cash transfer (DCT) of urea subsidy to farmers’ accounts. The subsidy, expressed as rupees per hectare, will be based on soil health, and size of landholding. The idea of NBS for urea is not new. It was recommended, in 2012, by a...
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Fertilizer – half-baked reforms won’t deliver
According to report in a leading economic daily [citing an official involved in policy making], “the government is likely to fix nutrient-based subsidy [NBS] rate for urea before rolling out the direct cash transfer [DCT] of urea subsidy to farmers’ accounts. The subsidy – fixed on per hectare – will not be universal for farmers across the country and will be based on soil health and size of the landholding. Tenant farmers would also be eligible to get the subsidy on production of valid tenancy documents. To assess the implications, let us first take a look at the existing dispensation of subsidy on urea and non-urea or phosphate [P] and potash [K] fertilizers and how the two differ. How will...
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Why PM Modi must not give up on fertiliser DBT
DBT will save the government quite a lot on the subsidy by eliminating misuse and ensuring better targeting through Aadhaar linkage The manufacturers of non-urea fertilisers are given ‘uniform’ subsidy (on per nutrient basis) under the nutrient based scheme (NBS). —————————————————————————————————– According to a survey by NITI Aayog, nearly two-thirds of the farmers don’t favour direct benefit transfer (DBT) of fertiliser subsidy. If this is also the thinking of our policymakers, then it would leave one shell shocked as it would be tantamount to a complete reversal of the process set in motion a couple of years ago. In FY17, the government launched pilot projects for linking subsidy payments to producers, for the sale of fertilisers to farmers by retailers...
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